antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor prevention of spatial memory impairment, anti-depressant activity in epileptic patients, enhancing insulin sensitivity, and neuroprotective activities.
These bioactivities of XN are attributed to different chemical compounds reported in XN such as intracellular and extracellular polysaccharides, adenosine, total polyphenols, and triterpenoids in mycelia.
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can increase oxidative stress and induce apoptosis by initiating mitochondrial dysfunctions in PC12 cells. In the present study, PC12 cells treated with H2O2 were used as the cell model and XN mycelia extracts produced from mycelia by submerged fermentation were evaluated for their protective effects on neural cells affected by oxidative damage.
